AI teach AI — Learn named entity recognition from fully AI scripted tutorial … Awful??

Sam Shamsan
6 min readMar 1, 2021

Sequence Labeling Using A Neural Model: A Tutorial

The goal of this task is to perform sequence labeling using slot Filling or Slot Tagging. To be more specific, the task is biomedical named entity recognition (NER) on the BioNLP/NLPBA 2004 corpus. We will implement a BiLSTM CRF with minibatch training and train it on the training data to predict the best label sequence using Viterbi decoding. For instance, when we process a biomedical text, the model will be able to identify the main five named entities: DNA, RNA, protein, cell line and cell type. Thus, the main challenge in the slot-filling task is to extract the target entity with high accuracy. Biomedical named entity recognition is a basic task that enable us to have structured information that could be utilize in more complex tasks such as protein extraction. he dataset is divided to 3 sections: train, dev, and test. The files are in a 2 column format, where each line contains a single token and its tag, separated by a tab character, how ever I didn’t use this spacing format. instead, The dataset was re-downloaded as a csv file, so it follows the traditional csv column and rows format. The train set has 18,546 sentences while the dev set has 105 sentences, and the test set has 3,856 sentences.

What is a BiLSTM CRF?

These models are a Neural Network framework used for modeling Human visual perception. To be more specific, a CRF contains, one or more input units that are convolutional neurons. That’s it! The model is designed with CRFs using a Black-Box Entities. It is a very simple model, but it has many capabilities to learn spatial structures and the structure of linguistic items. It also have many nice features such as Feature Learning. Features: The feature is determined by the input token tag, so if there are many tags for the same token then the particular feature would be used.

Sequence Labeling Using A Neural Model

class BiLSTM(SupportVectorBatchClassifier): ‘’’ BiLSTM is a Convolutional Neural Network which learns to process a data set containing thousands of characters for example Biomedical Words dataset. The sequence labeling task is where the network will be used to predict the title of the title using a sequence tagging model. ‘’’ # a convolutional neural network ‘’’ train_latency = 2000 x_train = [] x_test = [] def make_train_dev(rnn, training_data): return rnn.decode(‘utf8’) class BiL

The goal of this task is to perform sequence labeling using slot Filling or Slot Tagging. To be more specific, the task is biomedical named entity recognition (NER) on the BioNLP/NLPBA 2004 corpus. We will implement a BiLSTM CRF with minibatch training and train it on the training data to predict the best label sequence using Viterbi decoding. For instance, when we process a biomedical text, the model will be able to identify the main five named entities: DNA, RNA, protein, cell line and cell type. Thus, the main challenge in the slot-filling task is to extract the target entity with high accuracy. Biomedical named entity recognition is a basic task that enable us to have structured information that could be utilize in more complex tasks such as protein extraction. he dataset is divided to 3 sections: train, dev, and test. The files are in a 2 column format, where each line contains a single token and its tag, separated by a tab character, how ever I didn’t use this spacing format. instead, The dataset was re-downloaded as a csv file, so it follows the traditional csv column and rows format. The train set has 18,546 sentences while the dev set has 105 sentences, and the test set has 3,856 sentences.

What is a BiLSTM CRF?

Biological neural network is a computer software architecture that is designed to model biological systems such as the nervous system and neural circuits. As such, it performs a variety of tasks such as learning which weights to assign to different connections between neurons. Basically, in the next post, we will continue with a more detailed explanation of the work done to program the LSTM.

Sequence Labeling Using A Neural Model

The goal of this task is to perform sequence labeling using slot filling or slot tagging. To be more specific, the task is biomedical named entity recognition (NER) on the BioNLP/NLPBA 2004 corpus. We will implement a BiLSTM CRF with minibatch training and train it on the training data to predict the best label sequence using Viterbi decoding. For instance, when we process a biomedical text, the model will be able to identify the main five named entities: DNA, RNA, protein, cell line and cell type. Thus, the main challenge in the slot-filling task is to extract the target entity with high accuracy. The train set has 18,546 sentences while the dev set has 105 sentences, and the test set has 3,856 sentences.

Create a data loader

To avoid re-downloading the same dataset over and over again, the dataset is split into two sets of data: train and dev . The train set contains 18,546 sentences, the dev set is a subset of the train set containing only 105 sentences. Then the dev set is processed by generating the search tags which are in the test set. This dataset is organized in the following structures: NOTE: to be able to read this dataset, you will need to follow these formatting conventions, you can do it by looking at the following example files: The default filename structure is as follows: Train Vdev Examples folder c:\rce.csv test 1 2 3 4 c:\rce . csv < Example name > test Note: The filename for the train dataset, is c:\rce.csvtrain and for the dev dataset, it is c:\rce.csvdev .

Train the model on the training data

Open the provided text file and let’s run the bioinformatics labeler using the openRx package. It will create the following dataset with a file name of enc.csv . #!/usr/bin/env python import binascii import os import re import pandas as pd import numpy as np files = [ files for f in os.listdir(‘./texts’)] # Run the R labeler on the training dataset dataset = pd.read_csv(‘enc.csv’, header=None, filetype=”csv”) # Make a csv, populate it with words and add to the dataset index_df = index_df.load_csv(output_file=data_dir + ‘enc.csv’, delimiter=”\t”) # Split the input string into strings and we’ll save a reference of all the strings (wrapped in angle brackets). for i, word in enumerate(files): if word.startswith(“.”): index_df[i] = word [word.lower()] index_df.

Predict on the dev set

Predict on the train set Predict on the test set I will only present the predictions for the first two columns and we can figure out the prediction difference between the dev and train set, and also we can figure out whether the different between the 2 test sets.

Predict on the test set

First off, we will not predict every single token, in fact, we will learn to predict each one by learning what word is used in the token. This will be done by analyzing the tokens and the sentences, and will allow us to recognize what they are called. The example sentence in the dev set is: “The dog’s red brown with white speckles.” {A. Noun — Dog} {B. Verbs} We have no information about what the dog is (first part), nor about what the name of the dog is (last part) and thus, we can only say that it’s a dog by learning the word for dog, “dog”. Let’s start to predict the word “dog”. We will be doing tokenization and, later on, sorting of the words. To begin with, we will pass through each token and decide what word it is (if it’s a noun, or a verb, or a non-verbal string).

Conclusion

We created a set of 3,622 training examples and 2,215 validation examples, where we extracted and labeled 106 entities. We can’t use all the examples as the task also used the test set, however the test set contains the most evidence on terms that were involved in the sentences that we created. Our model can be further used in different tasks where the subject is given labels for all of the examples, even though the model cannot generate the complete set of examples in a given dataset. Some suggestions for other functions could be using the loss function (as Viterbi algorithm), which will be used to generate clusters, eliminating unlabeled instances, in order to reduce the number of unlabeled instances.

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